Cosmic Velocity - Third to Meter per Minute

The third cosmic velocity is approximately 16,700 m/s (16.7 km/s), the minimum speed to escape the Sun's gravity from Earth's orbital position.

v₃ = √(v_sun² - v_Earth²) where v_sun is solar escape velocity from Earth's orbit. Approximately 16.7 km/s relative to Earth.

To km/h: × 3,600. To mph: × 37,282. 16.7 km/s = 60,120 km/h = 37,344 mph.

Voyager missions, future interstellar probes, and calculations for leaving the solar system.

Voyager 1: ~17 km/s relative to Sun (achieved via Jupiter gravity assist). Parker Solar Probe: 163 km/s peak (but toward Sun, not away).

Thinking Voyager was launched at 16.7 km/s — it used gravity assists. Also, confusing with speed needed to escape from Sun's surface (618 km/s).

~17 km/s to leave the solar system from Earth's orbit. Voyagers achieved this with gravity assists from planets.

Meter per minute measures the distance in meters traveled in one minute. It's useful for walking speeds, slow vehicle movements, and industrial processes.

1 m/min = 1/60 m/s = 0.0167 m/s = 0.06 km/h. There are 60 seconds in a minute.

To m/s: ÷ 60. To km/h: × 0.06. To ft/min: × 3.281.

Walking pace (70–90 m/min), escalator speed (30–40 m/min), treadmill settings, slow conveyor belts, and some marine biology (fish swimming).

Comfortable walking: 80 m/min (4.8 km/h). Fast walking: 100+ m/min. Escalator: 35 m/min. Slow jog: 150 m/min.

Confusing m/min with km/h — 60 m/min = 3.6 km/h, not 60 km/h. Mixing up m/min with ft/min.

60 m/min = 1 m/s. Quick conversion: m/min ÷ 60 = m/s. Good for walking/jogging pace calculations.